Combustion performance and mechanism of DAP-4/Al composites with WO₃ nanoparticles

The design and preparation of new high-energy composite DAP-4/Al is very important for the study of composite solid propellants. In this work, the combustion properties and reaction mechanism of DAP-4/Al composites doped with WO₃ nanoparticles were studied. DAP-4/Al composites were prepared by different mass ratios. The combustion state, combustion time, pressure, pressurization rate and flame temperature of DAP-4/Al/WO₃ with different mass ratios were monitored. The results show that the combustion performance of DAP-4/Al can be significantly improved under the catalysis of WO₃. Compared with DAP-4/Al-5, the average combustion time of DAP-4/Al/W-4 is significantly reduced by ~ 70 ms, the average combustion pressure is increased by 654 KPa, and the average pressurization rate is increased by 0.22 MPa·s⁻¹. Under the catalysis of WO₃, the activated substances can react rapidly with H₂dabco²⁺ and NH⁺ to produce CO₂, CO, N₂ and H₂O. When the mass ratio is 20:80:2, the average maximum combustion heat of DAP-4/Al/W-4 is 8474 J/g, which is higher than 493 J/g of DAP-4/Al-5. The reaction mechanism of WO₃ catalyzed DAP-4/Al system was further analyzed by TG-MS and XPS. This work provides a new idea for the future application of DAP-4/Al composites in solid propellants.