A Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch Model for Green Charging Stations Considering Demand Response, Hydrogen Generation and CCUS

In response to escalating global efforts to combat climate change, numerous international policies and initiatives have emerged, creating new development opportunities for the energy sector. The combination of Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) and Smart Grid technologies provides an unprecedented opportunity for the construction of green power plants and the development of hydrogen storage technologies. Conventional power plants face many challenges, including the lack of flexibility in power load adjustment and high CO₂ emissions, as well as the high investment cost due to the separate planning of charging stations and hydrogen production facilities. This paper proposes a low-carbon economic dispatch model for coupled hydrogen production photovoltaic storage charging stations considering CCUS and demand response in a smart grid environment. First, a carbon capture power plant model is constructed using CCUS technology to reduce the carbon dioxide emissions generated in the power generation process in order to achieve the low-carbon goal. Next, this paper constructs a hydrogen production model with water electrolysis technology as the core and an intelligent scheduling system, which can automatically allocate power according to real-time electricity price and other factors with the support of smart grid. In addition, the model comprehensively considers a variety of cost and profit factors, including hydrogen manufacturing technology and equipment cost, power cost, carbon capture cost, carbon sequestration cost, carbon transportation cost, carbon profitability, power generation profitability, hydrogen storage cost, etc., and constructs a low-carbon economic scheduling decision-making model with the goal of maximizing the total profit of charging stations. The case study verifies the effectiveness of the model in improving the economic profit of charging stations, ensuring grid stability, reducing CO₂ emissions, and lowering the cost of hydrogen storage.