3D-printed electromagnetic microwave absorption structures: a comprehensive review

Electromagnetic microwave (EMW) absorption structures are extensively utilized in defense, industry, and civilian applications. The advent of 3D printing technology has provided innovative approaches for the design and fabrication of complex and irregular EMW absorption structures. This review first introduces the absorption mechanism of EMW absorption structures. It then categorizes 3D printing technologies and briefly describes their working principles. Subsequently, the research progress of different 3D printed EMW absorption structures is systematically reviewed. Finally, the challenges and potential perspectives of 3D-printed EMW absorption structures are discussed and forecasted. This review aims to provide a reference for the research and application of 3D-printed EMW absorption structures.