空间非合作目标非接触式电磁消旋方法综述

A large number of residual uncooperative space targets endanger the safety of satellites on-obit. To avoid the potential collision risk, it is particularly important to conduct a de-tumbling operation of the target before capturing. Aiming at how to de-tumble the rotational speed of the targets, the contactless electromagnetic de-tumbling methods at home and abroad are systematically investigated. Firstly, the principle of the electromagnetic de-tumbling and two typical motion forms of rotating uncooperative space targets are introduced. Next, a qualitative analysis is conducted on the advantages and feasibility of this electromagnetic detumbling methods. Then, the contactless electromagnetic de-tumbling methods are classified, and the latest detumbling methods and key technologies are analyzed in detail from the aspects of non-uniform/uniform static magnetic field and mechanical/electromagnetic rotating magnetic field. Further, the methods of calculating the de-tumbling torque and the related control technologies are sorted out. Finally, the future development direction of the electromagnetic de-tumbling methods is proposed.